TY - JOUR
KW - Anxiety
KW - anxiety disorders
KW - attentional bias
KW - interference
AU - Juan Ramos-Cejudo
AU - Florian Schmitz
AB - A wealth of research demonstrates attentional biases toward threat in people with elevated levels of anxiety and anxiety disorders. Several models have been developed to explain these biases. In the present article, evidence regarding the mechanisms of attentional processes is reviewed by carefully examining the components of cognitive models and the mechanisms underlying these components. First, the concepts of schema, control, and bias in the interplay of automatic and controlled processes are introduced. Then, a theoretical fractionation of control functions is described, and it is pointed out how these functions could counteract biases at different processing stages. Next, some of the most frequently used bias paradigms in anxiety research are outlined, and it is discussed which processes they may tap. Finally, situational influences and moderators of cognitive biases are considered and recommendations for future research are offered.
IS - 2-3
M3 - Journal article
N2 - A wealth of research demonstrates attentional biases toward threat in people with elevated levels of anxiety and anxiety disorders. Several models have been developed to explain these biases. In the present article, evidence regarding the mechanisms of attentional processes is reviewed by carefully examining the components of cognitive models and the mechanisms underlying these components. First, the concepts of schema, control, and bias in the interplay of automatic and controlled processes are introduced. Then, a theoretical fractionation of control functions is described, and it is pointed out how these functions could counteract biases at different processing stages. Next, some of the most frequently used bias paradigms in anxiety research are outlined, and it is discussed which processes they may tap. Finally, situational influences and moderators of cognitive biases are considered and recommendations for future research are offered.
PB - Sociedad Española para el Estudio de la Ansiedad y el Estrés
PY - 2013
SN - 2174-0437/1134-7937
SP - 243
EP - 261
T2 - Ansiedad y Estrés
TI - Interference and bias paradigms in anxiety research: A theoretical overview
VL - 19
ER -