@article{739,
  keywords = {Test anxiety, Evaluative stress, Behavioral anxiety, Physiological arousal, self-focused attention},
  author = {Manuel Gutierrez Calvo and Pedro Avero and Alejandro Jiménez Sosa},
  title = {Test anxiety: Psychological, behavioral and biological correlates},
  abstract = {Self-report and objective measures of psycholo-gical, behavioral and biological characteristics were collected, in order to examine the nature of test anxiety. In multiple regression analyses, test anxiety was associated (a) with self-reported psychological maladjustment and psychosomatic disorders, but not with actual capacity and skills, cardiovascular fitness, or biochemical parame-ters of health; (b) under stress, it was associated with elevations in self-reported distress, and heart rate during anticipation of evaluation (but not during the tasks), and there were no diffe-rences in behavioral tension. It is concluded that there are no behavioral deficits or biological dysfunctions in test anxiety. The most important component seems a cognitive bias to self-focus on internal sources of information, and to en-dorse them a threat-related interpretation.},
  year = {1997},
  journal = {Ansiedad y Estrés},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {61-75},
  month = {01/1997},
  publisher = {Sociedad Española para el Estudio de la Ansiedad y el Estrés},
  issn = {1134-7937},
  isbn = {2174-0437},
}